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One of the first times in which Jean-Paul Sartre discussed the concept of ''situation'' was in his 1943 ''Being and Nothingness'', where he famously said that Earlier in 1939, in his short story ''The Childhood of a Leader'', collected in his famous ''The Wall'', referring to a fake turd, he said that in pranks "There is more destructive power in them than in all the works of Lenin."〔Jean-Paul Sartre, Lloyd Alexander (''The wall (Intimacy) and other stories'' ), p.109 quotation: 〕〔Jean-Paul Sartre, W. D. Redfern (1997) (''Sartre: Le Mur'' ), p.xxxii quotation: 〕〔Stuart Zane Charmé (1993) (''Vulgarity and Authenticity: Dimensions of Otherness in the World of Jean-Paul Sartre'' ), pp.184-5〕〔"Il ya plus de puissance destructrice en elles que dans les œuvres complètes de Lénine" (''L'enfance d'un chef'', in ''Le Mur'')〕 Another famous use of the term was in 1945, in his editorial of the first issue of ''Les Temps modernes'' (Modern Times); arguing the principle of the responsibility of the intellectual towards his own times and the principle of an engaged literature, he summarized: "the writer is in a situation with his epoch." An, influential use of the concept was in the context of theatre, in his 1947 essay ''For a Theatre of Situations''.〔Sartre (1947) ''Pour un théâtre de situations'' (''For a Theatre of Situations''), first published in the journal ''La Rue'', n.12 November 1947, p.8. Then republished in ''The Writings of Jean-Paul Sartre'' vol.2 (Contat and Rybalka, 1972), and the anthology of most of his theatre essays, ''Un theatre de situation''. The English translation is also available in George W. Brandt ''(Modern theories of drama: a selection of writings on drama and theatre 1850-1990 )〕 A passage that has been frequently quoted is the following, in which he defines the ''Theater of Situations'':〔original French: "S' il est vrai que l' homme est libre dans une situation donnée et qu'il se choisit libre dans une situation donnée et qu'il se choisit lui-même dans et par cette situation, alors il faut montrer au théâtre des situations simples et humaines. Ce que le théâtre peut montrer de plus émouvant est le moment du choix, de la libre décision qui engage toute une vie. Et comme il n'y a de théâtre que si on réalise l'unité de tous les spectateurs, il faut des situations si générales qu'elles soient communes à tous (Ö).Il me semble que la tâche du dramaturge est de choisir parmi ces situations limites celle qui exprime le mieux ses soucis et de la présenter au public comme la question qui se pose à certaines libertés." (LE THÉÂTRE EXISTENTIALISTE DE SARTRE )〕 He then published his series ''Situations'', with ten volumes on ''Literary Critiques'' and ''What Is Literature?'' (1947), the third volume (1949), ''Portraits'' (1964), ''Colonialism and Neocolonialism'' (1964), Problems of Marxism, Part 1 (1966), Problems of Marxism, Part 2 (1967), ''The Family Idiot'' (1971-2), ''Autour de 1968'' and ''Melanges'' (1972), and ''Life/Situations: Essays Written and Spoken'' (1976). ==Guy Debord, Letterist and Situationist International== Sartre's concept of ''Situation'' was reprised by Guy Debord at least since the times of the Letterist International.〔Hussey, Andrew (2002) (''The game of war: the life and death of Guy Debord'' ) p.105〕〔Touza, L. Sebastian (2008) ''(Antipedagogies for liberation politics, consensual democracy and post-intellectual interventions )'' p.171〕〔Kaufmann, Vincent (2011) (''Guy Debord'' ) for the ''Institut français''. English translation ''( Guy Debord )'' by Martin Richet〕 In January 1954, the ''Letterist International'' declared: "The new beauty will be that of THE SITUATION, that is to say, ''provisional'' and lived."〔Letterist International, January 1954 in ''La Carte d’après Nature''. Republished in ''Potlatch'' n.5〕〔Sheringham, Michael (2006) (''Everyday life: theories and practices from surrealism to the present'' ), p.162 〕 Claire Gilman called Sartre a "father figure" for the Situationist International, and wrote that "Sartre and his philosophy of the situation are fundamental to the SI's notion of everyday life authentically experienced".〔Claire Gilman ''Asger Jorn 's Avant-Garde Archives'', in ''Guy Debord and the Situationist International'', p.201 and note 18 on p.210〕 The relationship between Sartre's philosophy of the situation and the Situationist International is clarified by Peter Wollen in his essay ''Bitter victory''.〔Peter Wollen ''Bitter Victory: The Art and Politics of the Situationist International'', published in Elisabeth Sussman (1989) ''On the passage of a few people through a rather brief moment in Time: The Situationist International 1957-1972''〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Situation (Sartre)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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